L-谷氨酰胺对PC12细胞中grp75的调控作用

条件必需氨基酸谷胺酰胺可上调细胞中热激蛋白(hsp)的表达,为观察谷氨酰胺是否对hsp 家族成员grp75的表达具有调控作用,以PC12细胞为模型用免疫组化、蛋白质印迹法和RT-PCR 等方法检测谷胺酰胺对grp75基因的表达的影响;并以MTT法观察谷氨酰胺对PC12的细胞和grp75低表达的PC12细胞缺糖损伤的保护作用。结果表明谷氨酰胺可以上调grp75的表达,特别是对缺糖细胞的上调作用更显著;但这种上调作用与谷氨酰胺的作用浓度和作用时间并未显示出有明显的关系。MTT检测显示,谷氨酰胺使细胞在缺糖条件下的存活率明显上升;grp75低表达细胞与未转染的细胞相比这种保护效应明显降低,说明谷氨酰胺通过调节grp75的表达对缺糖损伤起到保护作用     

蝇蛆壳聚糖保鲜剂对几种蔬菜的保鲜作用研究

研究了蝇蛆壳聚糖水溶剂对番茄、青椒、茄子的保鲜作用,并试图找出保鲜效果较好的蔬菜.贮藏期间,定期测试其生理生化指标:失水率、腐烂率、呼吸强度、维生素C(Vc)含量.结果表明:用蝇蛆壳聚糖保鲜剂处理过的三种蔬菜各生理生化指标都比空白对照的效果好.说明蝇蛆壳聚糖能减少蔬菜的水分损耗,限制其呼吸作用,减少营养损失.三种蔬菜中,番茄在12天内、青椒在4-6天内的保鲜效果最好.     

鞘内注射M受体和GDNF反义寡脱氧核苷酸抑制吗啡戒断大鼠蓝斑c—Fos表达

The antisense approach and immunohistochemistry were used to study the effects of different muscarinic receptor (M) subtypes and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on the scores of morphine-withdrawal syndrome and the expression of c-Fos in locus coeruleus (LC). Intrathecal injection of M2 receptor antisense oligonucleotides (M2AS-oligo) or GDNF antisense oligonucleotides (GDNFAS-oligo) decreased the scores of morphine withdrawal syndrome. The expression of c-Fos positive neurons in the LC increased in morphine-dependent rats and increased to a greater extent after the injection of naloxone (4mg/kg, ip) in morphine dependent rats. Intrathecal injection of M2AS-oligo or GDNFAS-oligo inhibited the increase of c-Fos expression in LC during morphine withdrawal, but there was no effect in case of M1AS-oligo. The results suggest that M2 receptor of spinal cord mediates the neural activation of LC during morphine withdrawal. And the interaction between neurons and glial cells may be involved in the ascending activation process.     

影响小鼠体细胞脂质体法转染效率的因素

We studied the effects of the amount of liposome and plasmid, exposure time of cells to the liposome-plasmid complexes, number of cell passages and cell types on GFP gene transfection of mouse somatic cells. The maximal GFP transgene expression (30.7%) was achieved when mouse fetal fibroblast cells (MFFC) at 70%-90% confluence of passage 3 were exposed for 6 h to the complexes of 4 microg liposome (LipofectAMINE) and 0.3 microg plasmid (pEGFP-N1). Under these conditions, we compared the effect of the number (from primary to 15) of passages on the transfection efficiency of MFFC. The transfection efficiency of MFFC was 10.0%, 28.9% and 7.2% at the primary, 3rd and 15th passage, respectively, which indicated that the transfection efficiency decreased with passaging. When MFFC, mouse oviductal epithelial cells (MOEC) and mouse granulosa cells (MGC) were transfected at passage 3, the transfection efficiency was 27.8%, 13.7% and 14.2%, respectively, under the described transfection conditions. When the cell cycle stages of different cell types at transfection were examined, it was found that 17.2% of MFFC, 8.7% of MOEC and 9.9% of MGC were at M phases of the cell cycle. Examination of the cell cycle stages of MFFC at different passages showed that MFFC at the third passage had the highest percentage of M cells and the percentage decreased afterwards. This suggested that the transfection efficiency was correlated with the percentages of cells at M phase, and provided essential data for improvement of the transfection efficiency.     

猪源乳酸菌产乳酸及其抑菌特性研究

研究了5株(L1、12、L3、L5和L7)分离自仔猪肠道的乳酸菌的产乳酸能力及抑菌特性。结果表明：L5菌株产乳酸的速度最快,培养液中乳酸含量最高,L5菌株培养液pH值的下降速度最快,终末pH值最低,而L1菌株产乳酸的速度最慢,培养液乳酸含量最低。5株乳酸菌对大肠杆菌K88、K99、987P、O141和大肠杆菌E1及金黄色葡萄球菌均有不同程度的抑制作用;排除酸的影响后仍有22％～53％抑菌效果;经热处理后保持有92％以上的抑菌效果;蛋白酶处理后保持85％以上的抑菌效果。     

益生菌--新型免疫调节剂

介绍益生菌与宿主消化道免疫系统的关系,益生菌免疫调节作用机理的研究进展,以及益生菌作为免疫调节剂的应用前景。     

cis基因交换形成RHD-CE(2-9)-D等位基因

以往通过基因组DNA分析,分别在高加索人和中国人中观察到少数Rh阴性个体存在RHD基因第1和第10外显子,但是该等位基因形成的具体分子机制尚有争论。本文分别针对RHD基因mRNA的5′-和3′-非编码区设计一对特异性引物,通过逆转录PCR（RT-PCR）和cDNA测序,分析2例RHD基因阳性（拥有第1和第10外显子）、D抗原表型阴性个体的全长mRNA/cDNA序列,同时以1例正常Rh阳性个体（CcDDee）作对照。结果正常Rh阳性个体拥有正常RHD基因mRNA,2名携带RHD基因的Rh阴性个体则均检出存在与正常RHD基因或RHCE基因转录产物相同长度、以及相同外显子构成的mRNA,但该转录子的第1和第10外显子及3′-非编码区序列与RHD基因一致,而第2～9外显子全部序列与RHCE(e)基因mRNA相同,表明2名个体均存在RHD-CE(2~9)-D融合RHD等位基因,即其RHD基因的第2～9外显子被同源RHCE(e)基因替换,导致不能编码正常RhD蛋白,形成个体D抗原阴性表型。     

大黄葸醌提取物对建鲤抗应激及生长的影响

将750尾建鲤随机分成5组,第1组为对照组,投喂基础日粮,另外4组为试验组,投喂基础日粮中分别添加0．5％、1．0％、2．0％、4．0％大黄蒽醌提取物。从2005年7月到9月连续投喂70d后,对鱼体进行高密度应激,测定其生长、应激前后血液皮质醇、血糖、溶菌酶等变化。结果表明：与对照组相比,应激前添加大黄葸醌提取物提高了鱼体增重率、特定生长率、鱼体丰满度、血液溶菌酶活性,降低了饵料系数与鱼体死亡率,但是与大黄葸醌提取物的添加水平不成线性关系,其中2．0％试验组还显著降低了血液皮质醇。高密度应激1d后,各组血液中的皮质醇、血糖、溶菌酶都有不同程度的增加,其中对照组最高,添加1．0％和2．0％大黄蒽醌提取物的试验组相对较低。应激前后各组鱼的攻毒试验表明：除应激前添加1．0％和2．0％大黄蒽醌提取物的组没有死鱼外,其它各组都有死鱼,其中对照组死亡率最高。因此添加1．0％-2．0％大黄蒽醌提取物提高了机体抗应激能力,并对病原菌感染起一定的保护作用,促进了鱼体生长。     

神经系统与内分泌系统的相互影响与协同作用

在人体内,神经系统和内分泌系统紧密联系,协调配合,相互作用。它们的基本功能都是信息传递,在此功能之上,两大系统几乎调控着机体全部的代谢活动。将以综述的形式,介绍神经内分泌系统的结构基础,神经系统与内分泌系统的相互作用,以及两大系统共同发挥作用的主要领域。     

AP-1在AngⅡ正反馈调节其前体基因表达中的作用

血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ)可诱导其前体基因在血管平滑肌细胞(vascularsmoothmusclecells,VSMC)中进行表达,其作用机制与促进转录激活蛋白-1(activatingprotein-1,AP-1)的基因调控区中存在的AP-1位点结合有关.为进一步明确AngⅡ调节AP-1结合活性的分子机制,用放线菌酮(cycloheximide,CHX)作为c-Jun磷酸化抑制剂,经DNA-蛋白质相互作用和蛋白质印迹实验,探讨AngⅡ对AP-1结合活性的影响并探讨其分子机制.结果表明,受AngⅡ刺激的VSMC,其核蛋白中AP-1的组成亚基之一c-Jun水平明显升高.免疫细胞化学染色显示,在被AngⅡ处理的细胞中,c-Jun主要定位于细胞核,胞浆中几乎检测不出该转录激活蛋白的存在.用丝氨酸磷酸化抗体检测证实,AngⅡ可诱导c-Jun磷酸化.电泳迁移率改变分析(electrophoreticmobilityshiftassay,EMSA)显示,c-Jun的磷酸化水平与AP-1结合血管紧张素原基因顺式元件的活性,和对该基因的转录激活作用呈正相关关系,CHX通过阻断c-Jun磷酸化抑制AngⅡ诱导的AP-1结合活性,但是不影响c-Jun的表达水平.上述结果提示,AP-1的磷酸化活化是AngⅡ正反馈调节其前体基因表达的重要机制之一,首次发现CHX是c-Jun磷酸化的抑制剂.